Buddhism

I've had a strong interest in Buddhist philosophy since my early college days. Who doesn't want to live a more enlightened, peaceful life.

There are three main schools of Buddhism; Mahayana, Theravada & Vajrayana. 

Mahayana is the most traditional religious in that it has the most structured, with form of practice. Focusing on enlightenment to help all sentient beings from suffering. Zen Buddhism along with Tibetan Buddhism belongs to this school, and is considered to be the largest school.

Theravada focuses on the enlightenment of the individual. While they can have strict monastic rules, it focusses on mindfulness and meditation for a person to strive towards enlightenment.

Vajrayana is considered by many to part of the Mahayana school (not necessary by those who consider them Mahayana though). There practice focuses on the most esoteric path of the three. Focusing on Tantras, deity yoga and numerous mantras. Using the physical body as a vessel for spiritual transformation. Usually lead by a Yogi or spiritual teacher who leads their "followers" on their path to spiritual goodness.

A "4th" could be Secular Buddhism, with growing numbers especially in the west. They tend to work on the empirical, psychological & philosophical path. (this is not a major but in the United States, I do see it more and more in my research.

While these schools may deferrer in their modes to enlightenment They all pay homage to Buddha (in many forms dependent by school) and his teachings. The core of which always the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. 

Like all religions there are many, many ways and beliefs in how to find enlightenment. The art and literature is second to none in breadth and beauty. 

**The above is the most basic descriptions of a very diverse belief system. I did my best to give a quick intro but your own research is encouraged.